دانلود کتاب پیشرفت در جایگزین های حیوانی برای تست ایمنی و کارایی
Advances In Animal Alternatives For Safety And Efficacy Testing, 1ed

Advances In Animal Alternatives For Safety And Efficacy Testing Presents up-to-date concepts and approaches to the theory and practice of alternatives to animal testing and promotes technology transfer. The text addresses some of the ramifications of the National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993 which instructs the NIH to fund replacement, reduction and refinement alternatives. It also describes the likely impact of the European Union’s Cosmetic Directive, which bans marketing of animal tested cosmetics in Europe after 1997 if alternatives are available. Contributions are grouped into five categories including: dermal toxicity; immunotoxicity; neurotoxicity; and oral/dermal/ocular validation.

Advances in Animal Alternatives for Safety and Efficacy Testing is a timely and relevant expansion of Animal Test Alternatives (Marcel Dekker, 1995) in which more recent developments with greater depth and broader scope are presented. The contents of Advances in Animal Alternatives for Safety and Efficacy Testing address some of the important ramifications from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act of 1993 (Public Law No. 103-43, Section 1301), in which the U.S. Congress instructed the NIH to research into replacement, reduction, and refinement alternatives, and to establish criteria for the validation and regulatory acceptance of alternatives, and to recommend a process through which scientifically validated alternative methods can be accepted for regulatory use. Subsequently, an ad hoc Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods was established in 1994 to develop a report recommending criteria and processes for validation and regulatory acceptance. Fifteen federal regulatory and research agencies and organizations participated in this effort.